Principles for a systems-theoretic study of consciousness: a logical-methodological analysis = Принципи до теоретико-системного дослідження свідомості: логіко-методологічний аналіз

The article proposes a set of methodological principles necessary for constructing a coherent and comprehensive systemic account of consciousness. It is argued that existing approaches (neurobiological, computational, phenomenological, or cultural) cannot converge without a meta-theoretical framework capable of coordinating heterogeneous data and avoiding entrenched metaphysical assumptions. Drawing on general systems theory, three principles are formulated: structural-ontological neutrality, which abstracts away from essentialist ontological commitments; differentiation of perspectives, which distinguishes firstperson and third-person standpoints as well as the epistemic and ontic layers of these perspectives; and embodiment, which emphasizes the constraining and constitutive role of the substrate in a consciousness system. An analysis of modal counter-examples shows that the absence of any of these principles undermines the very conditions for a systemic science of consciousness. Taken together, these principles provide a methodological minimum for a metaphysically neutral framework for integrating theories, preventing category errors, and clarifying the structural conditions for the study of consciousness.